Swaging machine



W. FRICK.

SWAGlNG NlACHiNE. APPLlcATloN FILED lum/19,1920.

W. FRICK` GM H Patented Oct. 3, 1922.

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SWAGIANG MACHINE.

APPLlcATxoN r1LED1uLY19.19'2o.

Patented Oct. 3, 1922.

3 sHETssHET s atroz mud novel construction to be Patente/cl @et @t i922'WLLAM FRCK, OF DETROIT, MCHAN.

SWAGING JIACHEINE.

T 0 @ZZ wh om. t may concern Be it known that l, VILLIAM Finca, acitizen of the United States of America, residin at Detroit, in thecounty of lVayne and tate of Michigan, have invented certain new anduseful -improvements in Swaging Machines, of which the following is aspecification. reference beinghad therein to the accompanying drawings.

'lhis invention relates to a swaging machine by which spokes or rods maybe eX- peditiously and economically produced from cylindrical stock fedthrough the machine, which includes novel dies disposed to revolve abouta piece of stock and be intermittently tapped whereby the piece of stockbe'- tween the dies will be peened and gradually increased in itslongitudinal dimensions withoutany danger of the stock crystallizing orbeing fractured during the swaging operation. Provision is made so thatthe flow of metal is in a natural direction which does not reduce thetensile strength of the finished product, and provision is also made forlubricating the dies to prevent pitting of the same and excessive heatduring a swag ing operation.

My swaging machine also includes novel, anti-frictional tappet membersby which the swagin dies are actuated and interposed between tte swagingdies and the tappet members are novel wedge members by which the diesmay be shifted towards each other and thus permit of the dies beingadjusted for producing spokes or other articles of a de` sired diameter.

ll/ly invention further aims to provide a machine including the abovementioned elements wherein said elements are assembled with a View ofreducing the cost of manufacture and at the same time retain thosefeatures by which durability and ease of operation are secured. l/Vithsuch ends in view, the invention further resides in the hereinafter described and then claimed, and reference will now be had to the drawings,wherein- Figure 1 is an end view of the swaging means with the inner andouter face plates thereof removed;

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a portion of themachine;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of a portion of the machine;

Fig. i is a longitudinal sectional view of the machine partly inelevation; d Fig 5 is a perspective view of a detached Fig. 6 is a sideelevation of a piece of stock between dies;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a modied form of tappetmembers;

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of a portion of the same, and

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the preferred form of construction showingthe manner in which a wedge member engages a tappet member.

Reference will first be had to Figs. 1 to ti inclusive showing thepreferred form of construction, and inrFig. e there is a portion of amachine base or pedestal 1 having a stationary bearing 2 with one endthereof terminating in a cylindrical head 3 which has its face providedwith concentric recesses d and l5. Journaled in the bearing 2 is atubular spindle d of a cylindrical die holder 7, said die holder havinga collar 8 journaled in the recess 5, and the periphery of the dieholder 7 is in spaced relation to the annular wall of the recess 4,which may be provided with an annular wear ring 9 made of hardened steelor a more indurated material than the bearing head 3.,

Mounted on the opposite end of the tubular spindle G is a pulley orpower transmission wheel l() which abuts the bearing 2 and pres ventslongitudinal displacement of the die spindle, besides permitting of thedie holder being driven from a suitable source of power.

The die holder 7 and its collar 8 have a slot 11 with the outer endthereof enlarged to rovide a seat 12 for a channel guide mem er 13 and aseat 14tfor an inner face plate or retaining member 15. 'llhe inner faceplate or retaining member isA held on its seat by a plurality of screwbolts 16 or other fastening means.

ln the recess e of the stationary bearing head 3 is placed an annularcage 17 for spaced 4rotary abutments 18, preferably in the form ofhardened rollers which bear against the ring 9 and Jche annular wall ofthe recess 4. rlhe rollers 18 are maintained in spaced relation by thecage 17 and longitudinal movement of the cage and its rollers isprevented by an outer face plate 19 connected to the stationary bearinghead 3 by screw bolts y.2() or other fastening means, said outer faceplate being in the form of a ring or annulus so as to provide clearancefor the inner face plate or retaining member 15 carried by the drivendie holder 7.

The channel guide 13 and the inner face plate 15 has-longitudinallyalining openings 21 and 22, respectively, adjacent the ends thereof andthe openings 21 of the channel guide communicate with the slot 11 in thedie holder 7, as best shown in Fig. 2. EX- tending through the openings21 into the openings 22 are opposed wedge members 23 having side tongues24 loosely engaging in grooves provided therefor in opposed walls of thechannel uide, said tongues preventing excessive force set up by thedriven die holder 7, and the tongues also facilitate assembling thewedge members relative to the channel guide. The wedge members 23 taperinwardly from the inner ends thereof to the outer ends in the openingsl22 of the inner face plate 15 and outer faces of said wedge members areconcave, as at 25, to provide seats for rotary tappet members 26 whichare prefe-rably in the form of conical rolls having rounded endsengaging theJ inner face plate 15 and the inner wall of the channelguide 13.' The tappet members 26 are adapted to successively engage therotary abutments or rollers 18 as the die holder 7 is revolved and byimpinging against the rotary abutments 18 the members 26 are tapped orreceive somewhat of a hammer blow. Since there are a multiplicity of therotary abutments or rollers 18 it is apparent that when the die holder 7is revolved that the tapping of the members 26 will be very rapid butwith such uniformity that a constant vibration of the tappet members isattained for transmitting such movement to the wedge members 23.

The inner ends of the wedge members 23 are somewhat reduced andapertured, as at 27 to receive opposed pins 28 carried by a cross head29 slidable in the slot 11 of the driven. die holder 7. The cross head29 is carried by a tubular rod 30 reciprocable in the spindle 6 of thedie holder 7, said rod having its bore 31 extending through the crosshead 29 to longitudinally aline with openings 32 and 33 in the channelguide 13 and the inner face plate 15 respectively. The tubular rod 30constitutes a wedge adjustin member and on that end of the rod protruing from the spindle 6 is a spool orgrooved col ar 34 engaged by a bellcrank 35 pivoted on a bracket 36, carried by the machine base orpedestal 1. An operating rod or lever 37 is attached to the bell crank35 and by shifting the member 37 the rod 30 may be reciprocated toretract or distend the wedge members 23 in the driven die holder 7.

Slidable in the channel guide 13 are opisplacement by centrifugal poseddies 38 which are retained in the channel guide by the inner face plate15 and also by the wedge members 23 enga ing the outer faces of saiddies. The con ronting faces of said dies are provided with reverselytapered end faces 39 and intermediate swaging faces 40, the faces 39 and40 being grooved with the grooves merging into the tapered end faces ofthe dies, as best brought out in Fig. 2.

Before considering the modified form of tappet members shown in Figs. 7and 8, the operation of the machine will be reviewed.

A pieceof cylindrical stock 42 is adapted to be drawn through thetubular wedge adjusting member 30 and through the openings 32 and 33with the stock passing between the dies 38. The bore 31 of the tubularwedge adjusting member 30 accommodates the piece of stock and as it isadvanced between the dies 38 it is subject to a constant vibration ofthe dies which causes the stock to be reduced in its cross sectionalarea in the groove 41 of said dies, as best brought out 1n Fig. 6. Theconstant tapping of the dies on the piece of stock causes the metal tofioW lengthwise of the stock and gradually elongate it without producingany fractures or weakened portions. The stock may be considered as beingstretched but during such operation the metal is not abruptly upset butsubjected to an action somewhat similar to a rolling action. Theswaging, however, produces a more compact molecu` lar condition of themetal and consequently the tensile strength is maintained. It is obviousthat any portion of the stock may be swaged, and in the manufacture ofspokes this is desirable, as the spokes are often left with large endswhich may be screwthreaded or further upset for anchoring or fasteningpurposes in a wheel structure.

It is during the swaging operation that a suitable lubricant can becarried into the dies 38 by the feeding of the piece of stock and duringsuch operation it is possible to change the swaging operation of thedies by simply adjusting the member` 30, so that an irregular surfacemay be swaged on a piece of stock should it be so desired. The shiftingof the Wedge members 23 controls the swaging strokes of the dies andconsequently a desired cross sectional area may be imparted to a pieceof stock by the dies or another set of dies may be substituted when therange of laction is not within the scope of the former dies.

Since the die holder revolves during the swaging operation, it isapparent that a piece of stock can be evenl and uniformly swaged andWith proper adjustment of the wedge members 23 it is impossible for thedies to chatter due to centrifugal action set up 4by the revolving dieholder. Overheating and pitting of the dies will be reduced 130 nascevato a minimum by a liberal use of lubricant which will also bedistributed to other oontact surfaces of the various parts of themachine.

lin lieu of the conical tappet members 26., il may use slide blocks 42,as shown in Figs. 7 and 8 and furnish the outer ends of said slideblocks with a plurality of anti-frictional bearings 4:3 as balls,disposed and retained in grooves in the outer ends oi. said blocks.

lt is thought that the operation and utility of my invention will beapparent without further description, and While in the drawings thereare illustrated the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is to beunderstood that the structural elements are susceptible to suchvariations and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended.claims.

What I claim is 1. A swaging machine adapted to have stock pass axiallytherethrough, a stationary head, rotary abutments in said head, a drivendie holder in said head, rotary tappet members in said die holder andhaving the axes thereor` disposed at an angle to the axes of said rotaryabutments, dies in said die holder and between which the stock extends,and wedge members interposed between said dies and said tappet membersand adapted to transmit motion to said dies by said tappet membersriding over said rotary abutments.

2. A swag-ing machine comprising a bearing having a head, a die holderhaving a driven spindle in said bearing, rotary abut ments in the headof said bearing, a channel guide in said die holder and havingconfronting walls thereof provided with grooves, a fare plate mountedagainst said guide, dies in said guide, rotary tappet members in saidguide actuated by said abutments during rotation of said die holder,said rotary tappet members having ends bearing against said guide andsaid retaining plate, wedge members extending through said guide andbetween said tappet members and said dies, tongues on said Wedge membersextending into the grooves of said guide, and means axially of thespindle of said die holder adapted for adjusting said wedge members.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLlAM FRICK.

Witnesses:

ANNA M. Donn, KARL H. BUTLER.

